Question 1

How to ensure consistent flow and pressure across all mining units using balancing valves and monitoring tools.

Accepted Answer

Hydraulic balance between the nearest and farthest units is achieved via branch balancing valves, flow meters, and differential pressure controls. Each circuit uses regulating ball valves and monitoring instruments to ensure uniform flow distribution.

Question 2

Preventing dry cooler freezing at -20°C via glycol concentration and VFD controls without mandatory heating.

Accepted Answer

In extreme cold (-20°C), freeze protection prioritizes ethylene glycol-based antifreeze and VFD fan control. Electric/electromagnetic heating modules are not mandatory; they serve only as auxiliary de-icing tools. A closed-loop system with properly concentrated glycol provides full protection.

Question 3

Daily water usage estimates for cooling towers and dry coolers per 100kW heat load in 24h operation.

Accepted Answer

Under a 100kW load with 24h operation:Closed-circuit cooling tower: ~4.0–4.5 tons/day.Dry cooler + evaporation pad: ~0.8–1.2 tons/day.

Question 4

Cooling solutions for 38°C+ environments. Selecting dry coolers vs. cooling towers based on wet-bulb temperature analysis.

Accepted Answer

Besides evaporation pads, misting/spray systems can be deployed to manage extreme ambient heat. When determining whether to supplement with a dry cooler or transition to a closed-circuit cooling tower, the decisive factor is the local maximum wet-bulb temperature.If the wet-bulb temperature approaches the maximum allowable inlet water temperature of the mining equipment, a closed-circuit cooling tower is necessary to leverage evaporative cooling. Otherwise, a dry cooler may suffice for auxiliary heat dissipation based on the specific equipment requirements and fluid temperature differentials.

Thermal Performance & Hydraulic Balance

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